|
SuperClean (Telechem)
You can modify the SuperClean Microarray Substrates using
any custom surface chemistry or coating of choice. Surface
chemistries may include the use of organosilanes or coatings
such as poly-lysine, gels, gel pads and other materials. See
slides specifications bellow.
SuperAmine (Telechem)
SuperAmine Coupling Chemistry. SuperAmine Substrates contain
primary amine groups (NH3+) attached covalently to the glass
surface (rectangles). The amines carry a positive charge at
neutral pH, allowing attachment of native DNA (red ribbons)
through the formation of ionic bonds with the negatively charged
phosphate backbone (middle panel).
Electrostatic attachment is supplemented by treatment with
ultraviolet light or heat, which induces covalent attachment
of the DNA to the surface (right panel). The combination of
electrostatic binding and covalent attachment couples the
DNA to the substrate is a highly stable manner. Proteins can
also be attached to SuperAmine, though the SuperEpoxy surface
is generally preferred for protein microarrays.
SuperAldehyde (Telechem)
SuperAldehyde Coupling Chemistry. SuperAldehyde Substrates
contain primary aldehyde groups attached covalently to the
glass surface (rectangles). Primary amino linkers (NH2) on
the DNA (red ribbons) attack the aldehyde groups (left panel)
forming covalent bonds (center panel).
Attachment is stabilized by a dehydration reaction (drying
in low humidity) which leads to Schiff base formation (right
panel). Specific and covalent end attachment provide highly
stable and accessible attachment of DNA for gene expression
and genotyping applications. Proteins can also be attached
to SuperAldehyde, though the SuperEpoxy surface is generally
preferred for protein microarrays.
SuperEpoxy (Telechem)
DNA coupling chemistry. Shown is a schematic representation
of a DNA molecule coupling to a SuperEpoxy Substrate. Oligonucleotides,
cDNAs and RNAs (red ribbons) contain primary amine groups
on the A, G, and C residues. The lone pair electrons on the
amine group (double dots) attack the electrophilic carbon
on the epoxide group (arrow), forming a covalent bond (right
panel) between the DNA and the substrate. DNA molecules couple
extremely tightly to the SuperEpoxy surface, but retain excellent
hybridization capability.
Protein coupling chemistry. Shown is a schematic representation
of a protein molecule coupling to a SuperEpoxy Substrate.
Proteins contain primary amine groups on lysine and arginine
residues. The lone pair electrons (double dots) attack the
electrophilic carbon on the epoxide group (arrow), forming
a covalent bond (right panel) between the protein and the
substrate. Proteins couple extremely tightly to the SuperEpoxy
surface, but retain binding and enzymatic activity.
SuperProtein Substrates (Telechem)
The SuperProtein surface provides a white micro porous polymer
laminated to a SuperClean substrate at an affordable price.
The surface binds proteins via efficient hydrophobic interactions.
This unique hydrophobic surface is perfect for spotting multiple
samples, multiple times over multiple substrates with 1 low
volume loading of sample using the Stealth Micro Spotting
Device. SuperProtein Substrates are manufactured in class
100 cleanrooms. Cleanroom manufacture eliminates contamination
of the microarray surface with particulates, proteases, nucleases
and other contaminants that impair the quality of microarray
experimentation.
SuperProtein can be used for the following protein microarray
applications :
- Protein – Protein
- Protein – Antibody
- Protein – Antigen
- Protein – DNA
- Protein – RNA
- Protein – Drug
- Protein – Carbohydrate
- ELISA in a microarray format
Users will appreciate the following features of SuperProtein
Substrates:
- Manufactured in state-of-the-art class 100 microarray
cleanrooms
- Free of particulate, protease and nuclease contamination
- Standard 1” x 3” size (76 x 25 x 1.2 mm including
hydrophobic polymer)
- Corner chamfer (upper right corner) for unambiguous orientation
- High efficiency hydrophobic protein coupling
- Supports both contact printing and ink-jet printing
- No cross-linking or baking required for coupling
- “Zero” background fluorescence when used with
the SpotWare Scanner
- Binds proteins, enzymes, antibodies, receptors, antigens,
and more…
- Print pure proteins, recombinant proteins and cellular
extracts
- Uniform feature size
- 25 substrates per box
- Anti-static and impact resistant packaging
- 1 year shelf life at room temperature
For protocols, please consult Arrayit website http://www.arrayit.com
Mirror Slides (Telechem)
TeleChem's ArrayIt™ Brand Mirror Microarray Substrates
provide the highest quality reflective microarray printing
substrates at an affordable price. All of Arrayit™ mirror
substrates are manufactured in state-of-the art class 100
cleanrooms, using the most sophisticated surface deposition
technology and surface chemistry in the world.
Users will appreciate the following:
- Highly reflective mirror backing
- 2-10X increase in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)
- Improves SNR on all scanners and imagers
- Reduces background noise on all scanners and imagers
- Ideal for detecting rare mRNAs and low abundance proteins
- Manufactured in state-of-the-art class 100 cleanrooms
- Mirror backing stable to boiling and chemical treatments
- Four surfaces: plain glass, amine, aldehyde and epoxy
- Ultra-low background fluorescence
- Optimal density of reactive groups
- 5 x 1012 reactive groups per mm2
- Compatible with both contact and non-contact printing
- Compatible with all commercial microarray detection systems
- Precise tolerances: 25 ± 0.2 x 76 ± 0.3
x 0.960 ± 0.025 mm
- Couple nucleic acids, proteins, small molecules, and cells
- Stable surface chemistry: MirrorClean and MirrorAldehyde
(12 months), MirrorAmine (6 months), and MirrorEpoxy (3
months)
Glass Specifications
The mirrors used for these substrates have been optimized for
microarray applications. These are not microscope slides or
conventional mirrors! Untreated mirrors of this optical quality
routinely sell for $200-500 dollars each in the field.
- Standard substrate format: 25 ± 0.2 x 76 ±
0.3 x 0.960 ± 0.025 mm
- Chamfer in upper right corner allows unambiguous mirror
substrate orientation
- Polished to an optical flatness of <50 Å
- Reactive group uniformity ± 2% across surface
- Refractive index of 1.52 (400-700 nm)
- Glass transmission of >91 % (380-700 nm)
- Thermal strain point: 490°C
- Ribonuclease, protease, and DNase: None detected
- Background fluorescence (ScanArray Express at 90% laser
and
- 90% PMT: <1,000 MirrorClean, <3,000 MirrorAmine
and MirrorEpoxy, and <20,000 MirrorAldehyde
Comparing the optical properties of glass and mirror substrates.
In the presence of excitation light, a fluorescent microarray
spot (green oval) emits fluorescent signal (red arrows). A standard
glass substrate (left) produces a weaker fluorescent signal
and elevated noise due to the loss of excitation signal through
the transparent back surface and light scattering. A mirror
substrate (right) produces a stronger fluorescent signal and
reduced noise due to the capture of excitation signal off the
reflective backside surface and the elimination of light scattering.
Mirror data. Identical oligonucleotide microarray elements were
printed on SuperAldehyde (top) or MirrorAldehyde (bottom), hybridized
with CheckIt Chips fluorescent probe, and scanned on a ScanArray
Express at 10% laser power and 90% PMT. A 4-fold increase in
signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is obtained with the mirror surface
(bottom) relative to the transparent glass substrate (top).
Cel Associates Slides
We can provide you with these slides manufactured by Cel Associates
and distributed by TeleChem.
| Description |
Qty |
| VSS-25 Vantage
amine-aldehyde (Silylated) Slides, Clear or Frosted
(for placing labels)
|
25/Box |
| VALS-25 Vantage
Aldehyde Slides, Clear or Frosted (for placing labels) |
25/Box |
| VSA-25 Vantage Silanated
(Amine)Slides, Clear or Frosted (for placing labels) |
25/Box |
| VAE-25 Amine Slides, Extended
Chain, Clear or Frosted (for placing labels) |
25/Box |
| VEPO-25 Vantage Epoxy
Slides, Clear or Frosted (for placing labels) |
25/Box |
| VACR-25 Vantage Acrylic
Slides, Clear or Frosted (for placing labels) |
25/Box |
| VSH-25 Mercapto
Slides, Clear or Frosted (for placing labels) |
25/Box |
Because there are many directions for array research, the
following slides are usually available: Poly-L-Lysine, Epoxy,
Carboxyl, Acrylic, SH, Cyanato, and other Amine chemistries,
primarily in 25 slide boxes.
see protocols for slides on http://www.arrayit.com
Slides Specifications
TeleChem International, Inc.’s Super Microarray Substrates
are pristine, optically flat glass printing surfaces with
superior coupling chemistry at an affordable price. Cut to
precision dimensions (25 mm x 76 mm) and polished to optical
flatness (50 Å over 76 mm), ArrayIt™ Super Microarray
Substrates set the standard for microarray printing.
Manufactured in a state-of-the-art class 100 cleanroom, SuperClean
substrates are untreated for custom surface chemistry preparation
applications and OEM agreements. SuperAmine and SuperAldehyde
Substrates contain covalent amine and aldehyde groups that
allow stable attachment of nucleic acids, proteins, small
molecules, extracts and cells. Compatible with all commercial
microarray detection systems these substrates provide a superior
surface for both contact printing and ink-jetting technologies.
ArrayIt™ Super Microarray Substrates integrate seamlessly
into research and production environments and are compatible
with current products protocols recommended by TeleChem.
Product Description
TeleChem's ArrayIt™ Brand Super Microarray Substrates
provide the highest quality glass microarray printing substrates
at an affordable price. All of our substrates are manufactured
in a state-of-the art class 100 cleanroom, with 0.1 µm
filtered air, and temperature and humidity control. This nearly
particle-free, sterile setting provides a quality of custom
microarray substrates that cannot be obtained by any other
vendor.
Users will appreciate the following:
- Manufactured in a state-of-the-art class 100 cleanroom
- Three Microarray Substrates: SuperClean, SuperAmine and
SuperAldehyde
- Stable, covalent coupling chemistries
- Coupling proceeds at room temperature
- “Zero” background fluorescence
- Optimal density of reactive groups
- 5 x 1012 reactive groups per mm2
- Superior homogenous surface for both contact printing
and ink-jetting
- Compatible with all commercial microarray detection systems
- Manufactured precise tolerances: 25 mm ± 0.2 mm
x 76 mm ± 0.3 mm x 0.960 mm ± 0.025 mm
- Attachment of nucleic acids, proteins, small molecules,
extracts and cells
- Coupling at room temperature and neutral pH
- Coupled molecules stable to boiling
- One year shelf-life
Technical notes
The “substrate noise” is the sum of all non-sample
and non-instrument contributions to the background reading including
intrinsic fluorescence of the substrate and reflection off the
substrate surface. Because substrate noise is measured using
a scanning or imaging device, as a practical matter substrate
noise typically includes intrinsic fluorescence and reflection,
as well as all of the sources of instrument noise (e.g. dark
current, shot noise, electronic noise and optical noise). Most
modern scanners and imagers have very low instrument noise,
which means that intrinsic fluorescence and reflection dominate
the substrate noise reading. Substrate noise is obtained by
measuring the fluorescent reading of the substrate “right
out of the box” and prior to reacting the substrate with
a fluorescent sample. Please do not confuse substrate noise
(i.e. background before the substrate is reacted with a sample)
and microarray noise (i.e. background after the substrate has
been reacted with a sample), as these two readings are very
different. For nearly all applications and assays, microarray
noise greatly exceeds substrate noise and therefore concerns
about substrate noise are entirely academic because the latter
does not contribute to the total background reading observed
when the product is used in real experiments (see below).
The table below summarizes the substrate noise (actually intrinsic
fluorescence + reflection + instrument noise) observed with
our substrates. Substrate noise readings were taken at very
high sensitivity (90% laser and 90% photomultiplier tube or
PMT), settings that are well beyond those used for biological
experiments. Typical instrument settings for biological experiments
with the ScanArray Express are 20-40% laser power and 80% PMT.
The ScanArray Express has 20- to 30-fold greater sensitivity
than the ScanArray 3000, and correspondingly the substrate noise
readings are up to 30-fold higher on the Express compared to
the 3000. Unmodified glass substrates (i.e. SuperClean) produce
the lowest substrate noise readings, followed SuperEpoxy, SuperAmine,
and SuperAldehyde. Organic treatments (e.g. epoxy, amine and
aldehyde) increase substrate noise compared to naked glass because
organic molecules formed during derivation fluoresce at an extremely
low but detectable level. For nearly all applications and assays,
the non-sample contributions to background noise (intrinsic
fluorescence, reflection, and instrument noise) are much less
than the background noise contributed when the substrate or
microarray is reacted with a fluorescent sample. In these cases,
substrate noise (though it exists) is irrelevant to the use
of our products, because it does not contribute in any measurable
way to the background reading of the reacted chip. In rare cases
involving extremely low background samples or gene expression
measurements of rare transcripts, substrate noise may approach
sample noise in magnitude. In these cases, it may be desirable
to use a substrate that has a lower intrinsic fluorescence and
reflection, such as SuperAmine instead of SuperAldehyde.
For best results, please test our products in the context of
REAL EXPERIMENTS rather than simply taking note of the fact
that our Substrates manifest substrate noise that is greater
than plain glass. ALL SUBSTRATES that contain an organic treatment
or coating will produce some intrinsic fluorescence and reflection.
Please also test our product “right out of the box”
rather than waiting hours or days to measure the substrate noise.
Fluorescent contaminants present in non-cleanroom air including
cleaning agents, solvents used in marking pens, and hydrocarbon
emissions from vacuum pumps, arrayers, centrifuges and other
instruments can elevate the substrate noise reading considerably.
Please also note that airborne particles including dust and
other particulates greatly elevate the background reading because
these particles are highly reflective in the presence of laser
and white excitation light. Understanding the technical details
of our products is important and we recommend that you commit
these concepts to working memory as you proceed with your experiments.
Table. Substrate noise
| Product |
Average substrate
noise (ScanArray 3000) |
Maximum allowable
substrate noise (ScanArray 3000) |
Average substrate
noise (ScanArray Express) |
Maximum allowable
substrate noise (ScanArray Express) |
| SuperClean |
88 |
200 |
501 |
2,000 |
| MirrorClean |
63 |
150 |
377 |
1,500 |
| SuperEpoxy |
157 |
625 |
523 |
2,500 |
| MirrorEpoxy |
114 |
475 |
397 |
2,000 |
| SuperAmine |
229 |
900 |
1,213 |
4,500 |
| MirrorAmine |
168 |
675 |
855 |
3,250 |
| SuperAldehyde |
415 |
1,000 |
7,717 |
30,000 |
| MirrorAldehyde |
313 |
800 |
5,627 |
22,500 |
Average substrate noise readings are expressed as average fluorescent
counts over 1.0 cm2 areas measured on an average of 100 different
substrates from at least 10 different production lots. The maximum
allowable substrate noise is the highest reading that is permissible
for a lot to pass this step in our quality control process.
Instruments were set at 90% photomultiplier tube (PMT) and 90%
laser for all readings. ScanArray Instruments were provided
courtesy of PerkinElmer (Boston, MA).
Glass Description and Specifications:
The glass used for these substrates has been especially manufactured
exclusively for this application. These are not treated microscope
slides!
Glass substrates of this optical quality are routinely sold
at $30.00 to $100.00 dollars each by some vendors in industry.
- Standard substrate format (25 mm x 76 mm x 0.960 mm).
- Chamfer at upper right corner allows unambiguous substrate
orientation
- 60/40 scratch-dig surface quality
- Flat to <50 Å over 76 mm span
- Refractive index of 1.52 (400-700 nm)
- Transmission of >91 % (380-700 nm)
- Thermal strain point: 490°C
- Harder than normal glass microscope slides
| Product |
Surface treatment |
Bar code |
Number of
substrates per box |
Catalog I.D. |
|
SuperClean |
Ultra-clean glass |
No |
25 |
T-SMC |
|
SuperClean Barcoded |
Ultra-clean glass with bar code |
Yes |
25 |
T-SMCBC |
|
MirrorClean |
Ultra-clean glass with highly reflective backside coating |
No |
25 |
T-MRC |
|
MirrorClean Barcoded |
Ultra-clean glass with highly reflective backside coating
and bar code |
Yes |
25 |
T-MRCBC |
|
SuperAmine |
Organo-amine |
No |
25 |
T-SMM |
|
SuperAmine Barcoded |
Organo-amine with bar code |
Yes |
25 |
T-SMMBC |
|
MirrorAmine |
Organo-amine with highly reflective backside coating |
No |
25 |
T-MRM |
|
MirrorAmine Barcoded |
Organo-amine with highly reflective backside coating and
bar code |
Yes |
25 |
T-MRMBC |
|
SuperAldehyde |
Organo-aldehyde |
No |
25 |
T-SMA |
|
SuperAldehyde Barcoded |
Organo-aldehyde with bar code |
Yes |
25 |
T-SMABC |
|
MirrorAldehyde |
Organo-aldehyde with highly reflective backside coating |
No |
25 |
T-MRA |
|
MirrorAldehyde Barcoded |
Organo-aldehyde with highly reflective backside coating
and bar code |
Yes |
25 |
T-MRABC |
|
SuperEpoxy |
Organo-epoxy |
No |
25 |
T-SME |
|
SuperEpoxy Barcoded |
Organo-epoxy with bar code |
Yes |
25 |
T-SMEBC |
|
MirrorEpoxy |
Organo-epoxy with highly reflective backside coating |
No |
25 |
T-MRE |
| MirrorEpoxy
Barcoded |
Organo-epoxy
with highly reflective backside coating and bar code |
Yes |
25 |
T-MREBC |
| SuperProtein |
Glass
substrate coated with a 150 µm thick layer of hydrophobic
polymer |
No |
25 |
T-SUP |
| SuperProtein
Barcoded |
Glass
substrate coated with a 150 µm thick layer of hydrophobic
polymer |
Yes |
25 |
T-SUPBC |
Storage Conditions
TeleChem's Super Microarray Substrates are manufactured and
packaged in a state-of-the-art class 100 cleanroom facility.
Store in the sealed plastic shipping envelope and avoid exposure
to elevated temperature and humidity, and dust.
|
